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Introduction
Classic operating systems were built to manage scarce physical resources (CPU time, memory pages, disk blocks, network sockets) and to provide deterministic execution semantics.
Modern AI/LLM systems introduce a new class of workload:
- probabilistic outputs
- context-dependent behavior
- expensive inference
- heterogeneous accelerators
- tool-based grounding with side effects
Today these systems are assembled in userland using RPC, containers, and orchestration frameworks. That works, but the abstractions leak: context, provenance, budgets, and authority are not first-class OS concepts.
Cognition OS is a spec and reference design for a “cognitive kernel” control plane that governs non-deterministic computation deterministically, while keeping all learning and inference in userland services.